If you're passionate about medicine and women's health, obstetrics and gynecology could be the perfect career path for you! OBGYNs provide essential care—from pregnancy and childbirth to reproductive health and surgical procedures—that helps women at every stage of life.

While this exciting field requires years of education and training, starting your preparation as a teenager can give you a huge head start on your journey to becoming an OBGYN. 

If you're interested in this rewarding profession, now's the perfect time to focus on science courses, find healthcare volunteer opportunities, and explore medical programs designed for high school students.

Ready to build a strong foundation for this challenging yet incredibly rewarding profession? Let's explore everything you need to know about how to become an OBGYN!

What Does an OBGYN Do?

As a healthcare specialist, an OBGYN provides comprehensive care for women's reproductive health throughout their lifetime. The role spans both obstetrics (pregnancy and childbirth) and gynecology (female reproductive system).

Their main job? Diagnosing and treating conditions affecting the female reproductive system—from routine care to complex medical issues. OBGYNs have special training to handle women's unique health needs at every life stage.

During pregnancy, they monitor fetal development, manage complications, and deliver babies. For high-risk pregnancies, they provide specialized care to protect both mother and child. When needed, they perform cesarean sections and other obstetrical surgeries.

Surgery is a big part of the job. They conduct procedures like hysterectomies, laparoscopic surgeries for conditions like endometriosis, and tubal ligations for permanent birth control. OBGYNs also perform colposcopies, endometrial biopsies, and hysteroscopies to diagnose and treat various conditions.

Preventive care matters tremendously. They conduct routine pelvic exams, Pap smears, breast exams, and cancer screenings. The importance of these well-woman visits for early detection cannot be overstated. OBGYNs also provide fertility treatments and counseling for family planning.

Throughout a woman's reproductive life, they guide her on birth control options, screen for and treat STIs, and manage conditions like menstrual disorders and pelvic pain. During menopause, they help manage symptoms through hormone therapy and other treatments.

Education and Training: How to Become an OBGYN

Becoming an OBGYN requires extensive education and training, typically taking 12-15 years after high school. The process includes earning a degree, attending medical school, completing residency, and obtaining licensure.

1. Bachelor’s Degree (4 Years)
   While no specific major is required, fields like biology, chemistry, or pre-med cover essential medical school prerequisites. A strong GPA is crucial for admission.
   
   
2. Medical School (4 Years)
   The first two years focus on classroom and lab studies, including anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and pathology. The final two years involve clinical rotations in various specialties, including OBGYN. After year two, students must pass USMLE Step 1.
   
   
3. OBGYN Residency (4 Years)
   Accredited by the ACGME, residency includes rotations in obstetrics, gynecology, gynecologic oncology, reproductive endocrinology, and maternal-fetal medicine. Responsibilities increase over time, and residents must complete USMLE Steps 2 and 3 before practicing independently.
   
   
4. Licensing and Board Certification
   A state medical license is required to practice, with requirements varying by state. While board certification from the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ABOG) is optional, it enhances credibility. Certification involves passing both written and oral exams within eight years of residency completion, with ongoing maintenance.

How Long Does It Take to Become an OBGYN?

The entire journey to becoming an OBGYN takes approximately 12-15 years:

• Undergraduate Degree – 4 years
• Medical School – 4 years
• Residency – 4 years
• Subspecialty Fellowship (Optional) – 1-3 years

Those pursuing subspecialties such as maternal-fetal medicine, gynecologic oncology, or reproductive endocrinology can expect an additional 1-3 years of fellowship training. Throughout this process, passing licensing exams and meeting board certification requirements are essential steps to practicing independently.

Skills and Qualities Needed to Become a Successful OBGYN

Becoming an OBGYN demands a unique blend of skills and qualities that develop throughout your training. Empathy serves as a cornerstone—you'll regularly handle sensitive issues like pregnancy complications, reproductive health, and gynecological conditions. This compassionate approach builds trust with patients and encourages open communication vital for effective treatment.

Strong communication skills are essential. You must explain complex medical information clearly while listening actively to gather accurate patient histories and concerns. Patient-centered interviewing improves rapport and enables better shared decision-making.

Precision and attention to detail are non-negotiable, particularly during surgical procedures and diagnostic assessments. This meticulousness extends to interpreting ultrasound images, conducting thorough pelvic exams, and performing complex surgeries. Problem-solving abilities are constantly tested as you analyze patient information and develop individualized care plans.

Staying calm under pressure is perhaps one of the most crucial qualities that develops through clinical experience. The unpredictable nature of obstetrics requires quick, composed decision-making during emergencies and high-risk deliveries. This skill, along with adaptability, refines throughout your medical training and clinical practice.

To develop these essential skills for pre-med students, engaging in relevant programs and experiences during your high school and college years can be incredibly beneficial.

The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) identifies crucial skills and knowledge areas for medical students to excel in their education and careers. For those pursuing obstetrics and gynecology, the premed competency model serves as a roadmap, guiding students in developing the expertise needed for women’s health, reproductive care, and surgical procedures.

OBGYN: Average Salary

The financial compensation for OBGYNs reflects both the specialty's demands and these physicians' critical healthcare role. 

According to the latest data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for OBGYNs as of May 2023 is $278,660. However, Salary.com reports a higher median of $324,901, highlighting potential variations based on experience, location, and workplace setting.

Several factors influence what you'll earn, with physicians typically earning more as they gain years in practice. Geographic location also plays a major role in compensation.

Specialization within the field can create substantial differences in compensation. OBGYNs who pursue subspecialty training often command higher salaries due to their additional expertise and training.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services projects continued strong demand for OBGYNs, suggesting favorable compensation prospects for those entering the field.

Challenges and Rewards of the Profession

Healthcare is one of the most demanding yet fulfilling career paths available. The challenges are significant. OBGYNs regularly face unpredictable schedules with 12+ hour shifts, night and weekend work, and on-call duties that disrupt work-life balance. 

The emotional toll is equally heavy—caring for sick or dying patients exposes you to grief and trauma that can lead to burnout and compassion fatigue, which are common in the field. Add years of education, residencies, and ongoing certification requirements, and you have a career path that tests your endurance and commitment.

Yet despite these challenges, many doctors choose this profession because of its profound rewards. Few careers offer the chance to directly improve and save lives, creating purpose that transcends the difficulties. 

The profession offers remarkable stability—healthcare is consistently ranked as the fastest growing job sector, virtually guaranteeing employment security. This stability comes with financial benefits too, as many healthcare roles offer above-average salaries and excellent benefits packages. Most importantly, the deep relationships formed with patients and colleagues create a sense of community and shared purpose that makes even the hardest days worthwhile.

Alternative or Related Careers

Interested in maternal and fetal health but considering different paths? Here are several rewarding alternatives:

• Reproductive Endocrinologist – Treats infertility and reproductive disorders. Requires OBGYN residency plus a three-year fellowship in reproductive endocrinology.
• Certified Nurse Midwife – Provides comprehensive prenatal, labor/delivery, and postpartum care. Can work independently or with physicians. Requires a master's degree in nurse-midwifery and RN licensure. 
• Neonatologist – Cares for critically ill and premature newborns in NICU settings. Requires pediatrics residency plus a three-year neonatology fellowship.
• Physician Assistant in OBGYN – Assists OBGYNs in providing women's healthcare, including performing exams and assisting in surgeries. Requires a master's degree and PA certification. 
• Genetic Counselor – Assesses genetic disorder risks in pregnancies and provides counseling on testing options. Requires a master's degree in genetic counseling. 
• Perinatal Nurse – Specializes in caring for high-risk pregnant women and newborns in various maternity settings. Requires RN licensure plus additional perinatal certification.

Steps for Teens: How to Become an OBGYN

If you're a teenager dreaming of becoming an OBGYN, starting early gives you significant advantages. Here are practical steps to build a strong foundation:

• Focus on Science and Math Courses – Take advanced biology, chemistry, and anatomy classes to build your medical knowledge base.
• Maintain a High GPA – Strong academic performance in high school and college is essential for medical school admission.
• Join Science and Health Clubs – Get involved in pre-med or health-related clubs to connect with peers who share your interests.
• Volunteer at Hospitals or Clinics – Gain real-world exposure by helping at local healthcare facilities, women's health clinics, or maternity wards.
• Shadow an OBGYN – Spend time observing a practicing OBGYN to see what their daily responsibilities and patient interactions look like.
• Attend Medical Summer Programs – Enroll in healthcare-focused summer programs for high school students for hands-on experience and mentorship.
• Develop Strong Communication Skills – Practice active listening and clear communication through public speaking or debate clubs.
• Pursue a Pre-Med Major in College – Choose biology, chemistry, or a related field to meet medical school prerequisites.
• Prepare for the MCAT – Start practice exams early to ensure a competitive score for medical school applications.
• Stay Committed and Passionate – The journey is long but rewarding. Keep learning, exploring, and dedicating yourself to women's health.

By taking these steps, you'll be well on your way to becoming an OBGYN.

Explore an OBGYN Career with Outset

Curious about what it’s like to be an OBGYN? Immersive shadowing programs provide hands-on experience before medical school. Spend 1-2 weeks in hospitals, observing patient care, assisting with basic tasks, and attending OBGYN-focused lectures led by experienced physicians.

Beyond the clinical exposure, these programs offer mentorship opportunities to strengthen your medical school applications and explore this rewarding specialty firsthand.

Click "Apply Now" to take the first step toward your future in medicine!

Final Thoughts

Becoming an OBGYN is a challenging yet deeply rewarding journey that allows you to make a lasting impact on women's health. While the path requires years of dedication, starting early by focusing on academics, gaining hands-on experience, and seeking mentorship can set you up for success. 

If you're passionate about this field, take advantage of opportunities to explore healthcare careers, develop essential skills, and stay committed to your goals. With perseverance and determination, you can build a fulfilling career in obstetrics and gynecology, helping patients through some of the most critical moments of their lives.

Resources and References

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology

The Green Journal - Obstetrics and Gynecology

Health Resources & Services Administration

Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC)